Small
farms, high demands and lax oversight are inspiring fish farmers in
China and Southeast Asia to feed their fish, especially tilapia, with
animal feces.
TRUE:
In many cases, fish farmed in Asia and imported to the US have been raised on diets of chicken and pig feces
Tilapia
is a flat, white fish that comes in nearly a hundred different species,
is cheap to raise, easy to cook and recently became the fourth
most-commonly consumed fish in the United States, behind shrimp, tuna
and salmon. About 82 percent of the United States' tilapia comes from
China, according to USDA documents.
But a simple online search of the subject reveals numerous alarming
accusations involving Asian fish — particularly tilapia — being raised
on diets of animal manure, and thus turning into magnets for food-borne
illness. MSN News spoke with a leading food-safety scientist who said
that, in fact, Chinese tilapia's reputation for being unsafe to eat is
quite well-deserved.
"While
there are some really good aquaculture ponds in Asia, in many of these
ponds — or really in most of these ponds — it's typical to use untreated
chicken manure as the primary nutrition," Michael Doyle, director of the Center for Food Safety at
the University of Georgia said. "In some places, like Thailand for
example, they will just put the chickens over the pond and they just
poop right in the pond."
Asked
to estimate what percentage of Chinese tilapia are raised using animal
feces as food, Doyle said "I'd say roughly 50 percent."
Feeding fish animal feces makes them highly susceptible to bacterial infections like salmonella and E.coli,
Doyle said. Furthermore, he said that the large amount of antibiotics
that are given to the fish to ward off infections makes the strains of
salmonella and E.coli that the fish do catch extremely hard to
eliminate.
"It's
incredible to see how much of these antibiotics are applied, and they
leave large residues of antibiotics in the ponds," Doyle said. "We have
multiple antibiotic-resistant strains of salmonella coming in with these
fish."
Farmed fish now more common than farmed beef
Last month it was announced that farmed fish had overtaken farmed beef in
terms of worldwide production for the first time in recorded history.
This watershed moment for human food consumption was made possible by a
vast network of fish-farming operations that allow enormous quantities
of seafood to be raised in a minimal area and with minimal resources.
According
to reports, in China and other Asian countries like Vietnam and
Thailand, intense demand for farmed fish and cutthroat competition among
farmers drives many of these farmers to cut corners. Feeding the fish
with pig and chicken feces is much cheaper than using standard fish
food.
An explosive Bloomberg News story published in October of last year and headlined "Asian Seafood Raised on Pig Feces Approved for U.S. Consumers"
revealed in graphic detail fish farms and packing plants in China and
Vietnam that are rife with filth and disease, and U.S. inspectors doing
what appeared to be a poor job of stopping the tainted fish from
entering the food supply. According to the piece, 27 percent of seafood
consumed in in the United States comes from China, and yet the FDA only
inspects 2.7 percent of the fish that gets imported. Of the fish
inspected, the FDA has reportedly rejected 820 Chinese seafood shipments
since 2007, including 187 that contained tilapia.
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